Multiphase flows are of prime importance in the automotive branch (injection of gasoline), in power engineering (steam a...

Multiphase flows are of prime importance in the automotive branch (injection of gasoline), in power engineering (steam atemperation), in agriculture (insecticides), in inkjet printers and in many fysiological transport processes in the food industry. Break-up of liquid filaments and coalescence of drops are essential processes in sprays and the development of structures in mixing and dispersion of fluids. Transport of mass across a fluid-gas interface if important in atmosphere and climate (rain), in-house climate control (humidity and temperature control), steam generation and heat recovery in power plants, as well as in diffusion induced and flow induced phase separation. The role of surfactants is of eminent importance for the so-called tears of wine, in polymer and food production and in drug-delivery systems. Diffusion in the surrounding gas phase with inert components prevents sudden disappearing of the oceans, hampers heat transfer with condensation and eases combustion. 
In this course the conservation laws valid on an interface between a gas mixture and a fluid will be derived. Focus is on systematic approach and solution methods and on the capability to solve the above mentioned processes and related phenomena that occur during transport of heat and mass across an interface. The conservation laws will be combined with principles of non-equilibrium thermodynamics to describe an interface thermodynamically via an additional stress tensor in the Navier-Stokes equations. Focus will be on fluid-fluid and fluid-solid systems of several components. Simple engineering models for important applications will be based on fundamental descriptions. Examples of these applications are separation of phases, surface tension, diffusion and Marangoni convection, as well as the coupling of evaporation and chemistry in the gas phase.
Various topics will be considered in detail during lectures:
 
- Droplet evaporation in a gas mixture, including analytical and numerical solutions, the diameter squared law during evaporation, comparison with experimental results.
 
- Gas-liquid flows mass transfer and reaction.
 
- Mass and Heat transfer in presence of chemical reaction in gas-solid systems.

Interfacial transport phenomena in engineering flows

Eindhoven University of Technology

For designing heat storage materials and devices, a good physical understanding of the phenomena is needed and proper (n...

For designing heat storage materials and devices, a good physical understanding of the phenomena is needed and proper (numerical) models are required. On the nano- and microscales the local properties cannot be averaged out anymore and individual particle properties have to be taken into account, boundary effects and surface and interface forces become dominant.
In this course we will start at the basis: the interactions that take place at the atomic and molecular level. We will show that these small interactions sometimes can have major influences on macroscopic level, e.g. structures stability, reactivity, slip velocities and temperature jumps. We start modelling at the atomic/molecular level (Molecular Dynamics models for heat and mass transfer, Density Functional Theory) and scale it up via Monte Carlo models (MC). We will show that by using the appropriate assumptions these models can be directly connected to each other.
The characteristic properties described on molecular level are used to understand the transport, thermal and kinetic properties of heat storage materials and interface properties in micro/nano systems.

Microscale modeling of heat storage materials

Modern engineering practice places ever increasing demands (eg. load, temperature, time) on the structural performance o...

Modern engineering practice places ever increasing demands (eg. load, temperature, time) on the structural performance of polymers. Whereas new polymers are still being developed to meet these increasing demands, another important route for meeting them is by increasing our understanding of these systems and translate that understanding into tools that allow for smaller safety margins to be used in the application. Essential for polymers in that respect is a high level of understanding of how processing and final properties are connected, since it is not only the chemical composition of the system that determines its final properties and eventual failure, but to a large extend also the processing history experienced while being converted into an actual product.
The various failure phenomena that may occur in polymers and their composites in short-term (impact) or long-term (static or cyclic fatigue) loading will be discussed in detail. We will focus on mechanically induced failure, and will distinguish between ductile failure modes, i.e. controlled by plasticity, and brittle failure modes, governed by crack growth; the domain of fracture mechanics. The fundamentals of both failure regimes will be covered and the main methods to predict their response will be introduced and demonstrated.

Structural performance of polymers and their composites

We educate students and advance knowledge in science & technology for the benefit of humanity. We integrate education and research to enable our students and scientists to become thought leaders and to design and achieve the unimaginable. In close collaboration with our public and private partners, we translate our basic research into meaningful solutions.

Eindhoven University of Technology

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